New Education Policy 2020: A Realistic Review
New Education Policy 2020: A Realistic Review
Dr. Raju Ghanshyam Shrirame
Vice Principal
Head, Department of Economics
Jeevan Vikas Mahavidyalaya, Devgraam
Smitarajan76@gmail.com
Mobile: 9049940221
Abstract
The culmination of such a long and inclusive process is the new Educational Policy 2020. NEP 2020 is a comprehensive educational planning document related to the education system in the country. This article deals with issues, principles, objectives, visions, challenges and solutions. The main focus is on higher education and its implementation. Other issues such as vocational education, research and online and digital education have also been given some importance. This is an admirable and very positive step on the part of the government as a whole. Only the future will decide tomorrow how much net effect has been achieved. Recently, the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India introduced a new policy, Education, National Education Policy 2020. It was approved by the Union Cabinet of India on July 2, 2020 and outlined the vision for India's new education system. On August 1st , 2020, the annual National Conference of Vice-Chancellors was organized by the Association of Universities (AIU) in association with National Law University, Delhi on the subject of redistribution of Indian universities (by virtual mode). Honorable Minister of Education Dr. Inauguration by Ramesh Pokhriyal Nishank and various eminent and learned personalities like UGC President and Vice President, President AIU, Vice Chancellors of several Central Universities and Vice Chancellors of some State Universities, Governors of some states and certain social reformers were asked for their views and opinions in the process. In addition, AIU had launched a Weekly Search Essay Series on their website. These dissertations are written by eminent officials and specialized academic experts in various fields. In particular, the research essay deals with the individual characteristics of various subjects related to the reimaging of Indian universities and their effect on the mind of the reader. AIU has already compiled a book titled Redistribution of Indian Universities' available on their website which is really very informative and wonderful. All of these things are designed to expand in depth on NEP 2020. All these efforts will be useful in the future to make the educational policy of the country useful.
Introduction
The Government of India had earlier announced the National Education Policy on the occasion of the Kothari Commission and implemented it throughout the country. However, the National Education Policy formulated by the Government of India in 1986 came to be known as the Modern Education Policy of India. Later, due to some shortcomings in the education policy, some structural reforms were made in 1992. More than three decades have passed since the previous policy was reversed. During this period, significant changes have taken place in the economy of our country and in the world at large. In this context, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said that the education sector should prepare itself for the future by paying close attention to the demands of the 21st century and the needs of the people and the country. A new education policy has been announced under the leadership of Modi. In particular, the central government had initiated a new education policy through a consultative process for a holistic, participatory and holistic approach, which included the views of various experts, their experience in various fields of education, empirical research, feedback from various stakeholders as well as comprehensive teaching methods. This educational policy has been designed and formulated by.
The committee had submitted its report to the Ministry on 31/05/2019 to draft the National Education Policy. The draft National Education Policy 2019 NEP is based on infrastructure, pillar access, affordability, equality, quality and accountability. Following the submission of the draft report, the State / UT Governments and Ministries of the Government of India were invited to give their views and comments on the draft National Education Policy 2019. A brief summary of this draft National Education Policy 2019 was disseminated in various parts. In which it was also translated into 22 languages. It was also uploaded on the Union Ministry's website. Apart from this, a meeting was also held with the State Principal Secretary of the School Education Department of the State Government and the State Secretaries of the Higher and Technical Education Department. Along with this, education dialogue was held with the Hon'ble MPs of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Kerala, Karnataka and Odisha. The special meeting of the CABE on National Education Policy was held at this special meeting. The meeting was attended by senior officials of Central and State Governments, 26 Education Ministers of various States and Union Territories, representatives of States and Union Territories, members of CABE, heads of autonomous organizations, Vice Chancellors of Universities and many other eminent educationists. About two lakh suggestions on the draft National Education Policy were received from various dignitaries. Taking all these suggestions into consideration, the Central Government has decided to implement the new Education Policy-2020.
The Government of India announced a new education policy, changing the old 34-year-old education policy. Recently, the Union Cabinet approved a new National Education Policy (NEP) proposing sweeping changes in schools and higher education. It would not be an exaggeration to say that the role of the new nationwide education policy through this education policy is a nationwide mission to bring about radical change on the strength of the three pillars of national traditional education, skills development and modernity.
What is the purpose of National Education Policy?
The National Education Policy (NEP) is one such comprehensive framework to guide the development of education in the country. In 1964, when Congress MP Siddheshwar Prasad first criticized the then government for lack of vision and philosophy for education, the country first felt the need for a national education policy. In the same year, the then UGC President Dr. to formulate a national and coordinated policy on education. D. S. A one-member education commission was set up under the chairmanship of Kothari. This is known as the Kothari Commission. Based on the recommendations of this commission, Parliament passed the first education policy in 1968. A new (NEP) national education policy comes almost every few decades. To date, India has implemented a total of three education policies. The first educational policy was introduced in 1968. After this, the second education policy was implemented in 1986. This educational policy was formulated under the leadership of Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi respectively. Later, when PV Narasimha Rao was the Prime Minister, the National Education Policy (NEP) of 1987 was amended in 1992. Most importantly, the Third National Education Policy has recently been announced under the planning of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Since both the earlier education policies were announced during the Congress period, these policies should be considered as a veil of so-called secularism.
Why a National Education Policy Is Necessary?
Often the anthropological theories, based on old assumptions, become obsolete over time. In such a case, it is necessary to reconstruct or renew those theories. It takes time. For this, after a certain decade, it is time to announce and implement such new educational policies. At the same time, it is the responsibility of education to create a modern awareness among the students and the society due to modernization and the latest discoveries in science and technology. This is why a new education commission is needed to change such a new education policy. Many new faculties of Indian higher education have been started in educational institutions in many states of India like foreign universities. Due to this, UGC and All India Council of Technical Education, ICSSR, C. S. Income. R, ISRO and IIT, N. Income. T and other educational institutions were established. During the 60 years of educational transition, these educational institutions had created a unique place in the country through their work. There is a need to review the entire education policy and make it more dynamic, as well as to rectify the shortcomings in the system by calling for various reports by a committee of expert guides and making some institutional changes.
This has led to some sweeping changes to the new education policy, including the abolition of AICTE, the inclusion of multiple exit options in the four-year multi-disciplinary postgraduate program, and the timely closure of these departments. Accordingly, the M. Phil research course has been discontinued. Some policy decisions have been taken in the context of school education and in order to make the school curriculum examination system easier, an important decision was taken by the Government of India to reduce the board examinations in class X and XII. In addition, skill development is given special priority in higher education, with emphasis on curriculum reduction and "experiential learning and critical thinking" in order to maintain the basic requirements of the course. An important argument in the context of skill development is that the government's idea of providing new opportunities for self-employment and employment by training students in the form of modern skills is evident in the traditional skills that are prevalent in the country.
Earlier, with the significant change in the education policy of 1966, special attention was paid to the structure of 10 + 2 in school education. According to the new education policy 2020, these new structural changes have been made in the new NEP with a view to “5 + 3 + 3 + 4” age group. The age groups 8-11 (initial), 11-14 (middle) and 14-18 (secondary) have been brought under the purview of formal education, in which childhood education is also known as pre-school education for children in the age group of 3 to 5. The new education policy now extends the mid-day meal program to pre-school children and the new national education policy focuses on teaching students up to the fifth grade in their mother tongue or regional language. The policy aims to exclude all institutions that educate students through a single stream and to integrate all universities and colleges in a multi-disciplinary manner by 2040.
How Will Educational Reforms Be Implemented?
The National Education Policy not only provides a comprehensive direction to the society but does not oblige the society to follow it. Since democracy is not a necessity, its effective implementation is often not possible. Education is a subject on which both the Central and State Governments can legislate. The reforms proposed by the Central Government and the States can only be implemented in collaboration. This is not going to happen immediately. This will definitely take some time. The present government has set a target of implementing this education policy across the country by 2040. Sufficient funds have also been allocated by the government for this purpose. Earlier, in 1968, the National Education Policy was hampered by a lack of funding and difficulties in its effectiveness. The government plans to set up subject wise committees with members of the concerned ministries at the central and state levels to develop implementation plans for each component of the national education policy. The plans outline plans for action to be taken by various bodies such as the Ministry of Human Resource Development, State Education Department, School Examination and Curriculum Boards, NCERT, Central Advisory Board and National Testing Institute. Following all these plans, an annual joint review of progress will be made against the set goals.
Do All States Need to Follow a New Education Policy?
As this national education policy is nationwide, it needs to be implemented in the entire state of the country. Without this, there will be no uniformity in the education system of the entire country. For this, it is necessary for the states to adopt this education policy and preserve the importance of the local mother tongue
It is not new for the government to insist on these factors. Most government schools in the country are already doing all this. It does not seem possible nowadays that they will be asked to change the medium of their education like private schools. In this regard, a senior official of the ministry clarified to the Indian Express that it is not mandatory for the states to provide mother tongue as a medium of instruction. “Education is one such subject. That the country should have one main language and one local as well as one international language. The policy clearly states that children will be taught in their mother tongue or regional language ‘wherever possible’. This shows that some standards have been waived.
What about people in transferable jobs or children of multilingual parents?
It does not seem to have any provision, especially for the children of parents who are doing transferable jobs. But in the case of children living in multilingual families, the exception seems to be that, “Student teachers will be encouraged to use a bilingual approach with bilingual teaching-learning materials, including students whose native language is the same. It is different from the medium of education.
What Are the Key Educational Recommendations In the New Education Policy?
The new education policy has been approved by the central government in the cabinet. The name of HRD Ministry will be changed to Ministry of Education. What about people in transferable jobs or children of multilingual parents? It does not seem to have any provision, especially for the children of parents who are doing transferable jobs. But in the case of children living in multilingual families, the exception seems to be that, “Student teachers will be encouraged to use a bilingual approach with bilingual teaching-learning materials, including students whose native language is the same. It is different from the medium of education.
What Are the Key Educational Recommendations In the New Education Policy?
The new education policy has been approved by the central government in the cabinet. The name of HRD Ministry will be changed to Ministry of Education. In addition, board exams will be restructured and students will be given the opportunity to take exams two or three times a year. Therefore, the expert committee is of the opinion that the students will not come under stress. Apart from that, session method will be adopted instead of board examination. Not only this, through RTE, students up to the age of 18 will now be able to avail free education.
The Next 3 Important Changes May Occur In Educational Policy.
1. Regulator System
The Ministry of Human Resource Development, UGC and AICTE should be merged together. A regulatory body should be formed out of it. Which could act as the National Higher Education Regulatory Authority for higher education across the country.
2. Reorganization of Board Examinations
Major changes can be made to the new educational policy in relation to board examinations. It will give students complete freedom to choose the course. Special attention will be given to skill development. The biggest change will be in the examination methods. It will give students the opportunity to take exams two or three times in an academic year so that they can save themselves from the stress of exams. In particular, the semester session system will be implemented instead of the board's annual examination.
3. Changes in RTE Act?
The Right to Education Act (RTE) has been implemented for children in the age group of 6 to 14 years, which provides for free and compulsory education. Now the government can include pre-primary in it. There may also be provision for free and compulsory education from 9th to 12th standard. Accordingly, students can avail the benefits of this policy while studying for 18 years.
Significant Positive Changes
The new education policy has been approved by the Cabinet of the Government of India and there will be a single regulatory body in the country for all higher education teachers.
HRD will be renamed as Ministry of Education.
These changes will bring about educational policy changes after 34 years. The emphasis will be not only on education but also on providing employment.
A special program will be organized to provide internship opportunities to many young engineers in the country.
National Police University will be established
National Forensic University will be established
Top 100 universities in the country will be started for online education.
Emphasis will be laid on raising the standard of higher education in the country. This will make it easier to pursue higher education
How Does the Government Plan to Provide Higher Education to Foreign Universities?
The new education policy document states that universities of the same standard as the top 100 universities in the world will be able to set up their campuses in India. Although the parameters for defining the quality criteria of these top 100 universities are not elaborated, the present government can confirm their quality using the QS World University Rankings. Earlier, the government system relied on the same ranking system when selecting universities of ‘Institute of Eminence’ status. However, it is difficult to fully explain how foreign universities will be run in India unless the Ministry of Human Resource Development brings in a new law.
It is not yet clear whether the new law will apply to the best foreign universities to set up campuses in India. When the UPA-II tried to introduce a similar bill in 2013, the Indian Express reported that the Indian government had no interest in the top 20 global universities, including Yale, Cambridge, MIT and Stanford, the University of Edinburgh and Bristol. It is necessary to take a look at how all these universities will enter the Indian market. The participation of foreign universities in India is so limited in this regard that they are limited to entering into collaborative dual programs, sharing professorships with partner institutions, and providing distance learning to students. Of these, more than 650 foreign universities have such a system in place in India.
How Will a Four-Year Multi-Disciplinary Degree Program Work?
This new background comes six years after the much-awaited new education policy of the Government of India forced Delhi University to cancel its four-year degree program at the behest of the Central Government. Under the four-year degree program proposed in the new NEP, any student can enter the first year and exit with a certificate after one year, a diploma after two years and a graduate after three years. Received this degree. The important thing is that the government will provide employment opportunities to all of them according to their qualifications.
The four-year undergraduate program will usually include some research work and will give the student an in-depth knowledge of the subject in which he or she intends to specialize. Four years later, B.C.A. The student will have to prepare to be able to enter the direct study degree program. It will all depend on how well he or she has performed in the assessment test. However, the postgraduate programs will continue as they are. It will not be changed. It states that any student can then choose to pursue a PhD program. In this regard, scientist and former president of UGC V. S. Chauhan has revealed a lot.
How Will Schooling Change?
There is a new optimism that the new changes taking place in the school system at present will be the ones that will make a difference in the basic education system of the country. This should not affect the way of higher education. “After a general course, a student can register for a PhD program. This is almost the same practice all over the world. Of the many universities in the UK (Oxford, Cambridge and others), M. Phil was the intermediate degree between postgraduate and PhD. Those who have taken admission in M. Phil have not completed their education without taking a PhD degree. It appears that the M. Phil degree has been taken in phases in the meantime while researching the direct PhD degree is underway.
IIT Wouldn't the Feature of Single-Branch Institutions Like This Be Focused on Multiple Subjects?
IITs are already moving in this direction. IIT-Delhi has a Humanities Department and has recently started a Public Policy Department. There is a Medical Science and Technology Laboratory at IIT-Kharagpur. When asked about multiple subjects, V Ramgopal Rao, Director, IIT-Delhi, said, “Some of the best universities in the United States like MIT have very strong anthropology departments. For example, let's look at a civil engineer. Knowing how to build a dam will not solve the problem. He needs to know the environmental and social impact of the construction of the dam. Although the number of outlets should be a technical question, the outcome of the outlet is a subject of study in the humanities. If science and technology is narrow-mindedness, then the humanities are strong. Today many engineers are also becoming entrepreneurs. Don't they know anything about economics? There are a lot of factors in any other thing related to engineering today that are related to interdisciplinary subjects. Which can lead to a multi-faceted personality. It would not be wrong to assume that this is the core motivation behind the creation of this new educational policy.
Conclusion
Even technical professions such as engineering, humanities, arts, vocational and nine skills will provide and vice versa. There will be a UG degree program or a period of 3 years in which there will be proper certification in any discipline / field including professional / professional / technical streams. For example, certificate after completion of 1 year, diploma after completion of 2 years, graduate degree after completion of 3 years will be preferred for multi-disciplinary degree after 1 year. If HI has initiated a major field of study / rigorous research project specified by HI, the 2 year program can reach Research Degree. Academy Bank of Credit for digital storage of academic credits obtained from various HIs, so as to obtain a degree from HI. Departments such as Arts, Dance, Economics, Education, Indology, Language, Literature, Mathematics, Music, Philosophy, Pure and Applied Science, Sociology, Sports, Statistics, Translation and Interpretation will be established and strengthened at all higher levels. Credit-based courses in community service, environmental education and value-based education will be an integral part of HI. Multi-disciplinary Academic and Research Universities (MERU) - Model public universities for holistic and holistic education will be established along with IITs, IIMs. There will be an optimal learning environment and support for students, autonomy to innovate in a broad framework in terms of curriculum, pedagogy and assessment of HII and their professors. CBCS will be revived and revived. Evaluation with final inclusion, HI will decide with criteria based grading system. Emphasis will be placed on continuous and comprehensive evaluation of high- quality support centers, vocational education and career counseling for all. ODL standardization, regulation and accreditation will be a priority. By internationalizing the curriculum, it will enable international students to enroll in Indian universities and take whatever it takes to achieve and project India as a global destination for premium education at an affordable cost. An International Student Office will be set up in each classroom for the convenience of foreign students. The top foreign universities will be allowed to operate in India through a special legislative framework. It needs to provide all facilities like student activities, adequate hostels, medical facilities, counseling centers, sports, arts, culture, eco, activity community services etc. Financial Assistance Scholarships, Sponsorship will be given especially to students from SC, ST, OBC and other SEDGs. It will have the autonomy of motivated, enthusiastic and competent professors to create their own curriculum and academic procedures within an approved framework. Recruitment and promotion of professors, equity and higher education through specially clear, properly defined and transparent process, government and HIE equal partners, government approach will be committed to help SEDGs financially and other, public or private HIs. The policy addresses the basic principles of gender discrimination, harassment and gender equality with an emphasis on institutional development plans with special plans for SEDGs and the promotion of vocational education to be gradually integrated into vocational schools, higher education and other vocational institutions. B.O.C. In order to continue the degree program but to include vocational courses in all undergraduate degree programs, students will be at risk of vocational education. Vocational education will be explored through ODL method. It is hoped that this new education policy will bring about a positive change in the structural system of the country.
References
1) Government Draft of MHED about NEP - 2020
2) Shrirame R. G. Article in Daily Deshonnati Datted on 12/09/2021 Edited by Pohare Prakash
3) News Paper Article Puny Nagari, The Hitwada , Maharashtra Times
4) Internet Sources about Educational Policy
5) N list e-Sources
6) Shodh Ganga e-sources.
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